TRANSDUCER TESTING IN ULTRASONIC INSPECTION.

Some transducer manufacturers have lead in the development of transducer characterization techniques have participated in developing the AIUM-E. 1065 standard Guide for evaluating characteristics of Ultrasonic search units.
Additionally, some manufacturers perform characterizations according to AWS, ESI, and many other industrial and military standards.often,equipment in test labs is maintained in compliance with MIL-C-45662A calibration system requirements. As part of the documentation process, an extensive database containing records of the waveform and spectrum of each transducer is maintained and can be accessed for comparative or statistical studies of transducer characteristics.
Manufacturers often provide time and frequency domain plots for each transducer. The signals below were generated by a spiked pulser. The waveform image on the shows the test response signal in the time domain (amplitude versus time). The spectrum image on the right shows the same signal in the frequency domain ( amplitude versus frequency).  The signal path is usually a reflection from the back wall ( fused silica)  with the reflection in the far field of the transducer. 

what is computer excel program?

Microsoft Excel is a computer program developed by Microsoft Corporation for creating and manipulating spreadsheets. It is a part of the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software, and is widely used in business, financial analysis, science and engineering, and other fields that require data organization and analysis. Excel allows users to enter, edit, and format data in cells, create charts and graphs, and perform calculations using built-in formulas and functions.

How can use this?

To use Microsoft Excel, you will first need to have the software installed on your computer. Once you have installed Excel, you can follow these basic steps:

Open Excel and create a new workbook or open an existing one.

Enter your data into the cells of the worksheet.

Format the data using font styles, colors, borders, and alignment tools.

Calculate results by using pre-built functions or by creating your own formulas.

Create charts and graphs to visualize your data.

Save your workbook frequently.

Print your worksheet to share with others.

Use other advanced features such as pivot tables, macros, and add-ins to enhance your analysis.

Microsoft Excel provides many tools and resources to help you learn how to use the software effectively. These include tutorials, help menus, and online resources, such as Microsoft Office support articles and forums. By practicing and exploring the various features of Excel, you can become proficient in using the software for your specific needs.